Swahili’s 18 Noun Classes
Forget the simple "he" or "she" of European languages. Swahili categorizes its nouns into at least 18 different classes, a complex system that changes the entire structure of a sentence…
African Languages
The Double Negatives of Afrikaans
Ever heard an Afrikaans speaker say "Ek praat nie Afrikaans nie" and wondered about that extra "nie"? This seemingly redundant word is actually a grammatical cornerstone known as the double…
The Fluid Verb: Tense and Aspect in Swahili
Swahili verbs are masterpieces of modular design, built by "gluing" prefixes for tense, person, and more onto a single root. By deconstructing a word like 'atanunua' (he/she will buy), we…
The Amharic ‘And’: A Verb’s Best Friend
In English, we connect actions with a simple 'and.' But in Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia, this conjunction is masterfully baked directly into the verb itself. This feature, common…
The Vai Script: A Dreamed-Up Alphabet
In the 1830s, an illiterate Vai man in West Africa named Momolu Duwalu Bukele had a vivid dream where he was shown a book of symbols. Inspired by this vision…
The Language of Avoidance: In-Law Tongues
Imagine having to learn a completely separate vocabulary just to be in the same room as your mother-in-law. For speakers of the Australian Aboriginal language Dyirbal, this wasn't a joke—it…
Parsing the Unparsable: The Dhaasanac Language
Journey to the Omo Valley to meet the Dhaasanac people of Ethiopia, whose language defies easy categorization. Instead of marking nouns for their role, Dhaasanac bundles subject and object markers…
The Alphabet of a Revolution: How N’Ko Is Uniting West Africa’s Languages
While many alphabets are ancient, the N'Ko script was born in 1949 from one man's defiant response to colonial prejudice. Created by Solomana Kante, this ingenious alphabet is perfectly tailored…
The Great Bantu Migration: How a Language Family Shaped Half a Continent
Over several millennia, a wave of migration spread a single language family from West-Central Africa to cover nearly the entire southern half of the continent. This was the Bantu Expansion,…