Unlocking the Universe of Languages
Old English possessed a grammatical rarity called the "dual number", using specific pronouns—*wit* (we two) and *git* (you two)—to refer exclusively to pairs. This article explores how these lost words…
While English speakers struggle to decipher texts from just 500 years ago, modern Georgians can read their 12th-century national epic with surprising ease. This post explores how Shota Rustaveli’s *The…
The Ablative Absolute is Latin's ultimate "zip file", allowing complex context into just two grammatically disconnected words. While this construction has no direct equivalent in modern Romance languages, it serves…
Discover the *Appendix Probi*, a 3rd-century list of "mistakes" that unintendedly documented the birth of the Romance languages. This article explores how Latin "errors" like *speclum* (instead of *speculum*) defied…
Unlike its southern relatives such as Cantonese, standard Mandarin has completely lost the "entering tone" and the clipped final stops (-p, -t, -k) which characterized Middle Chinese. This linguistic deep…
Nestled near the Caspian Sea, the Republic of Kalmykia is home to the only native Mongolic language spoken in Europe. This post explores the unique linguistic evolution of Kalmyk from…
Discover why linguists consider Frisian to be the closest living sibling to the English language. This article explores the Anglo-Frisian branch of the West Germanic family, comparing vocabulary and the…
Discover the fascinating story of Crimean Gothic, a Germanic dialect that survived in isolation on the Black Sea coast for over a thousand years after the fall of Rome. We…
Retronyms are new names given to old objects when a modern version arrives to steal the default title—like how "guitars" became "acoustic guitars" only after electric ones appeared. This article…
Explore the fascinating history of Maltese, the only Semitic language in the European Union and the sole survivor of the extinct Siculo-Arabic dialect. We examine how this unique linguistic fossil…
Maltese is the world's only Semitic language written officially in the Latin script, serving as a unique linguistic bridge between the Arab world and Europe. This article explores the history…
Between the 14th and 18th centuries, English speakers radically changed how they pronounced vowels, engaging in a massive linguistic game of musical chairs known as the Great Vowel Shift. However,…