Logophoricity: The Grammar of Point of View
How do we know who "he" is in the sentence "John said he was tired"? While English leaves it ambiguous, many languages have a secret weapon: logophoricity. This fascinating grammatical…
Syntax
The Two ‘Haves’ of Irish: Possession as a State
Unlike English, the Irish language doesn't have a single verb for "to have." Instead, to say "I have a book", you say `Tá leabhar agam`, which literally means "A book…
The Speech of Sleep: Is Somniloquy a Language?
Ever wondered if the mumbles and groans of a sleep-talker are just random noise? We take a linguistic deep dive into somniloquy, exploring its hidden phonetics and syntax to see…
Error Cascades: One Typo, System-Wide Failure
How can a single misplaced comma bring down an entire software system? This piece explores "error cascades" from a linguistic perspective, showing how the strict, unforgiving grammar of programming languages…
The Library’s DNA: Dewey Decimal Syntax
We often see the Dewey Decimal System as a simple filing method, but it's actually a complex and elegant language for all human knowledge. This system has its own syntax…
The Grammar of Your Thoughts
Did you know the way you structure a sentence can reveal your deepest cognitive patterns? Our language isn't just for communicating with others; it’s a living blueprint of our inner…
Pashto’s Split Ergativity
Ever thought the 'subject' of a sentence was a fixed, simple concept? In Pashto, the grammatical role of the 'doer' dramatically shifts depending on whether the action is happening now…
The Syntax of Your File System
Did you know that every time you save a file, you're using a form of language? Your computer's folder structure is a surprisingly complex grammatical system, complete with its own…
The Inuktitut “Word-Sentences”
Imagine a language where "I don't hear very well" isn't a sentence, but a single, perfectly grammatical word. Welcome to the fascinating world of Inuktitut, a polysynthetic language that challenges…
The Sentence That Never Ends
Have you ever heard the nursery rhyme about the house that Jack built, where each line adds a new layer to the story? This fascinating, never-ending quality of language has…
The Sentence That Never Ends
Have you ever heard the nursery rhyme about the house that Jack built, where each line adds a new layer to the story? This fascinating, never-ending quality of language has…
The Un-Passive Voice: The Antipassive Construction
You know the passive voice, but have you ever heard of its bizarre mirror image? The antipassive construction, found in many of the world's ergative languages, flips grammar on its…
The Fossilized Question: Grammaticalization of Verbs
When you ask, "Do you speak English?", what is the word 'do' really doing? This seemingly simple word is actually a linguistic fossil, the ghost of a once-mighty action verb.…
The A-Not-A Question Structure
Many languages, like Mandarin Chinese, form yes-no questions without words for "yes" or "no." Instead, they use the ingenious "A-not-A" structure, which poses a question by presenting both the positive…
AI’s Language Puzzle: Who Has the Telescope?
Consider the classic riddle: "I saw a man on a hill with a telescope." This simple sentence, which can mean two very different things, perfectly illustrates syntactic ambiguity. It's a…
A Grammar of Whalesong: The Humpback’s Dialect
Beyond the familiar sounds of the ocean lies a complex world of communication, where humpback whales sing in distinct, evolving dialects. Discover the incredible story of how a single "hit…
The Final Word: Verb Chaining in Papuan Languages
Imagine a sentence that lists a dozen actions before revealing the main verb at the very end. This is the world of verb chaining, a fascinating feature of Papuan languages…
The Amazon’s Verbal Art: The World of Hixkaryana
Journey to the Amazon basin to explore Hixkaryana, one of the few confirmed languages with a default Object-Verb-Subject (OVS) word order. This "Yoda-like" grammar, where "The jaguar ate the man"…
The Sentence as a River: What is Information Structure?
This isn't just about grammar; it's about information structure, the art of packaging 'old' and 'new' information to guide your reader. By understanding how word order and stress create a…
The Sentence That Attacks Itself: Center-Embedding
The sentence "The rat the cat the dog chased ate died" is perfectly grammatical, yet it feels like a cognitive car crash. This baffling construction is an example of center-embedding,…